Becoming a dual citizen of the USA and Spain involves several steps and specific requirements. Here’s a detailed guide on the process and requirements for U.S. citizens looking to obtain dual citizenship with Spain.
Step-by-Step Process for Obtaining Dual Citizenship in Spain
Step 1: Determine Eligibility
To apply for Spanish citizenship, you typically need to have a legal residence in Spain for ten years. However, this period can be reduced in certain cases, such as being married to a Spanish citizen (one year), or for those of Sephardic origin or granted refugee status (two years).
Step 2: Legal Residence in Spain
You must legally live in Spain for the required period and hold a valid residency permit. This involves initially obtaining a visa from the Spanish consulate in the U.S. and then securing a residence permit once in Spain.
Step 3: Gather Necessary Documents
You will need to provide several documents, including:
• Birth certificate (apostilled and translated)
• Marriage certificate (if applicable, apostilled and translated)
• Proof of residence in Spain (e.g., padron, rental agreements)
• Criminal record certificate from the FBI (apostilled and translated)
• Proof of economic means
• A certificate of Spanish language proficiency (DELE) unless you are from a Spanish-speaking country.
Step 4: Apostille and Translate Documents
Documents issued outside Spain need to be legalized with an apostille and then translated by a sworn translator. This applies to your birth certificate, marriage certificate, and FBI criminal record certificate.
For apostille services, you can visit Orange County Apostille to book your appointment. They specialize in notarizing and obtaining an apostille for all necessary documents.
Step 5: Pass the Citizenship Tests
Applicants must pass two tests administered by the Instituto Cervantes:
• The DELE A2 language test, proving basic competence in the Spanish language.
• The CCSE test, which covers knowledge of the Spanish Constitution and the social and cultural reality of Spain.
Step 6: Apply for Citizenship
Submit your citizenship application along with all the required documents and test results to the Registro Civil (Civil Registry) in your place of residence in Spain.
Step 7: Wait for Approval
The process can take one to two years or longer. Once approved, you will be asked to swear loyalty to the King and promise to follow the Spanish Constitution and laws.
Step 8: Obtain a Spanish Passport
After approval, you can apply for a Spanish passport and ID card (DNI) at your local police station.
Requirements
1. Legal residence in Spain for the required duration.
2. No criminal record in Spain and the U.S.
3. Economic means to support yourself.
4. Integration into Spanish society, as evidenced by passing the required tests.
Useful Links
• U.S. Embassy & Consulate in Spain
• For apostille and notarization services, visit Orange County Apostille.
This guide provides a comprehensive overview of the dual citizenship process for U.S. citizens seeking Spanish citizenship. Ensure you stay updated with the latest requirements by regularly checking the relevant Spanish government websites or consulting with legal experts in immigration law.
